Why Are My Heels Cracking? Causes, Treatment and Prevention
- cmspodiatry
- Jun 22
- 4 min read
Updated: Jul 8
Cracked heels are one of the most common foot problems people experience. While they often start as a cosmetic concern, they can sometimes become painful, uncomfortable and even lead to infection if left untreated.
If you've noticed dry, rough skin around your heels that's beginning to split, you may be wondering why it's happening and what you can do about it.
The good news is that most cases of cracked heels can be successfully managed with appropriate foot care and by addressing the underlying cause.
In this guide, we'll explain why heels crack, what causes the skin to split and how you can help keep your heels healthy.
Why Do Heels Crack?
In simple terms, heels crack when the skin becomes dry, thickened and less flexible.
As pressure is applied during standing and walking, the skin stretches. If it is unable to stretch effectively, it may split, creating cracks known as fissures.
Most cracked heels develop gradually over time rather than appearing suddenly.
What Causes Cracked Heels?
There are often several contributing factors.
Dry Skin
Dry skin is one of the most common causes of cracked heels.
When the skin loses moisture, it becomes:
Less flexible
More fragile
More likely to split
Dry skin may be worse during:
Cold weather
Low humidity
Frequent bathing
Exposure to harsh soaps
Hard Skin Build-Up
Hard skin often develops around the edges of the heel due to pressure and friction.
While small amounts of hard skin are normal, excessive build-up can become rigid and prone to cracking.
As the heel expands during weight-bearing, the thickened skin may split.
Standing for Long Periods
People who spend a lot of time on their feet often place greater pressure on their heels.
This increased pressure can encourage both hard skin formation and cracking.
Open-Backed Footwear
Sandals and shoes with open backs allow the heel to spread sideways during walking.
This increases tension within the skin and may contribute to cracking.
Excess Weight
Increased body weight can place additional pressure on the heels.
This doesn't mean everyone with cracked heels is overweight, but it can be a contributing factor in some cases.
Walking Barefoot
Walking barefoot, particularly on hard surfaces, may increase pressure and friction on the heels.
Ageing
As we get older, the skin naturally becomes:
Thinner
Drier
Less elastic
This can increase the likelihood of cracked heels developing.
Can Medical Conditions Cause Cracked Heels?
Yes.
Certain medical conditions may increase the risk.
People with diabetes may experience:
Dry skin
Reduced sweating
Changes in skin quality
This can make cracked heels more likely.
Eczema
Eczema can affect the skin on the feet and may contribute to dryness and cracking.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis can cause thickened, dry and scaly skin that may crack.
Thyroid Disorders
Some thyroid conditions can lead to dry skin throughout the body, including the feet.
Are Cracked Heels Dangerous?
Many cracked heels are harmless.
However, problems can occur if cracks become:
Deep
Painful
Bleeding
Infected
Signs of infection may include:
Redness
Swelling
Warmth
Discharge
Increasing pain
People with diabetes, poor circulation or reduced sensation should be particularly cautious.
How Can I Treat Cracked Heels?
Moisturise Daily
Regular moisturising is one of the most effective treatments.
Foot creams containing ingredients such as:
Urea
Lactic acid
Salicylic acid
can help soften thickened skin and improve hydration.
Reduce Hard Skin Carefully
Gentle use of a foot file can help reduce excess hard skin.
The goal is gradual improvement rather than removing large amounts at once.
Wear Supportive Footwear
Shoes that support the heel may help reduce pressure and prevent further cracking.
Avoid Going Barefoot
Supportive footwear or slippers may help reduce stress on the heels.
Stay Consistent
Cracked heels rarely improve overnight.
Regular foot care often provides the best results.
What Should You Avoid?
Cutting Hard Skin Yourself
Using blades or sharp instruments at home can increase the risk of injury and infection.
Picking at Dry Skin
This may worsen cracking and delay healing.
Ignoring Deep Cracks
Painful or bleeding cracks should not be left untreated.
How Can You Prevent Cracked Heels?
Simple preventative measures include:
Moisturising regularly
Wearing supportive footwear
Managing hard skin build-up
Avoiding prolonged barefoot walking
Staying hydrated
Addressing underlying skin conditions
Consistent foot care is often the most effective prevention strategy.
When Should You See a Podiatrist?
You should consider professional advice if:
Cracks are painful.
The skin is bleeding.
Home treatments are not helping.
Cracks keep returning.
You have diabetes or circulation problems.
You suspect infection.
A podiatrist can help identify contributing factors and recommend appropriate treatment.
Final Thoughts
Cracked heels are extremely common and are often caused by a combination of dry skin, hard skin build-up and pressure on the heel.
While many cases are mild, deeper cracks can become painful and may increase the risk of infection.
Fortunately, regular moisturising, sensible footwear choices and ongoing foot care can often make a significant difference. If your symptoms are severe, persistent or affecting your daily life, professional advice may help identify the underlying cause and guide treatment.
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